Pada tutorial kali ini kita akan membahas tentang cara mengantisipasi konten web yang berisi tag-tag HTML yang tak sempurna. Maksud dari tak sempurna ini misalnya kesalahan tulis sehingga tag ditulis double, belum ditulisnya tag penutup atau kesalahan lain karena terpotong (misal pada kasus split ‘read more’).
Contoh tag yang tidak sempurna misalnya:
[sourcecode language=”html”]
<script>
atau
<<strong>>
[/sourcecode]
Untuk mengantisipasi masalah ini, kita bisa contoh apa yang dilakukan oleh WordPress dengan fungsi force_balance_tags().
[sourcecode language=”php”]
/**
* Balances tags of string using a modified stack.
*
* @since 2.0.4
*
* @author Leonard Lin <leonard@acm.org>
* @license GPL
* @copyright November 4, 2001
* @version 1.1
* @todo Make better – change loop condition to $text in 1.2
* @internal Modified by Scott Reilly (coffee2code) 02 Aug 2004
* 1.1 Fixed handling of append/stack pop order of end text
* Added Cleaning Hooks
* 1.0 First Version
*
* @param string $text Text to be balanced.
* @return string Balanced text.
*/
function force_balance_tags( $text ) {
$tagstack = array();
$stacksize = 0;
$tagqueue = ”;
$newtext = ”;
$single_tags = array( ‘br’, ‘hr’, ‘img’, ‘input’ ); // Known single-entity/self-closing tags
$nestable_tags = array( ‘blockquote’, ‘div’, ‘span’, ‘q’ ); // Tags that can be immediately nested within themselves
// WP bug fix for comments – in case you REALLY meant to type ‘< !–‘
$text = str_replace(‘< !–‘, ‘< !–‘, $text);
// WP bug fix for LOVE <3 (and other situations with ‘<‘ before a number)
$text = preg_replace(‘#<([0-9]{1})#’, ‘<$1’, $text);
while ( preg_match("/<(\/?[\w:]*)\s*([^>]*)>/", $text, $regex) ) {
$newtext .= $tagqueue;
$i = strpos($text, $regex[0]);
$l = strlen($regex[0]);
// clear the shifter
$tagqueue = ”;
// Pop or Push
if ( isset($regex[1][0]) && ‘/’ == $regex[1][0] ) { // End Tag
$tag = strtolower(substr($regex[1],1));
// if too many closing tags
if( $stacksize <= 0 ) {
$tag = ”;
// or close to be safe $tag = ‘/’ . $tag;
}
// if stacktop value = tag close value then pop
else if ( $tagstack[$stacksize – 1] == $tag ) { // found closing tag
$tag = ‘</’ . $tag . ‘>’; // Close Tag
// Pop
array_pop( $tagstack );
$stacksize–;
} else { // closing tag not at top, search for it
for ( $j = $stacksize-1; $j >= 0; $j– ) {
if ( $tagstack[$j] == $tag ) {
// add tag to tagqueue
for ( $k = $stacksize-1; $k >= $j; $k–) {
$tagqueue .= ‘</’ . array_pop( $tagstack ) . ‘>’;
$stacksize–;
}
break;
}
}
$tag = ”;
}
} else { // Begin Tag
$tag = strtolower($regex[1]);
// Tag Cleaning
// If self-closing or ”, don’t do anything.
if ( substr($regex[2],-1) == ‘/’ || $tag == ” ) {
// do nothing
}
// ElseIf it’s a known single-entity tag but it doesn’t close itself, do so
elseif ( in_array($tag, $single_tags) ) {
$regex[2] .= ‘/’;
} else { // Push the tag onto the stack
// If the top of the stack is the same as the tag we want to push, close previous tag
if ( $stacksize > 0 && !in_array($tag, $nestable_tags) && $tagstack[$stacksize – 1] == $tag ) {
$tagqueue = ‘</’ . array_pop ($tagstack) . ‘>’;
$stacksize–;
}
$stacksize = array_push ($tagstack, $tag);
}
// Attributes
$attributes = $regex[2];
if( !empty($attributes) )
$attributes = ‘ ‘.$attributes;
$tag = ‘<‘ . $tag . $attributes . ‘>’;
//If already queuing a close tag, then put this tag on, too
if ( !empty($tagqueue) ) {
$tagqueue .= $tag;
$tag = ”;
}
}
$newtext .= substr($text, 0, $i) . $tag;
$text = substr($text, $i + $l);
}
// Clear Tag Queue
$newtext .= $tagqueue;
// Add Remaining text
$newtext .= $text;
// Empty Stack
while( $x = array_pop($tagstack) )
$newtext .= ‘</’ . $x . ‘>’; // Add remaining tags to close
// WP fix for the bug with HTML comments
$newtext = str_replace("< !–","<!–",$newtext);
$newtext = str_replace("< !–","< !–",$newtext);
return $newtext;
}
[/sourcecode]
Penggunaannya sederhana, tinggal panggil fungsi force_balance_tags() dengan argumen teks yang akan difilter. Hal ini sangat berguna misalnya saat menampilkan konten berita dengan tag HTML yang displit seperti fitur ‘read more’ milik WordPress. Semoga berguna.